i-FectTMTranfection Kits

***Delivery of siRNA in vivo & in vitro***

C.-H.Yang, H.-W. Huang, K.-H.Chen, Y.-S.Chen, S.-M.Sheen-Chen and C.-R.Lin. Antinociceptive potentiation and attenuation of tolerance by intrathecal β-arrestin 2 small interfering RNA in rats. Br. J. Anaesth. (2011) doi: 10.1093/bja/aer291.

...Intrathecal β-arrestin 2 (2 μg siRNA per 10 μl per rat) was injected once daily for 3 days. ...10 μl transfection reagent (i-Fect, Neuromics)... 

Alexandre Favereaux, Olivier Thoumine, Rabia Bouali-Benazzouz, Virginie Roques, Marie-Amélie Papon, Sherine Abdel Salam, Guillaume Drutel, Claire Léger, André Calas, Frédéric Nagy and Marc Landry. Bidirectional integrative regulation of Cav1.2 calcium channel by microRNA miR-103: role in pain. The EMBO Journal , (29 July 2011) | doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.249.

...Transfection with seed-mut-miR-103 or scrambled miRNA inhibitor had no effect ..... 10 μl of i-Fect reagent (Neuromics) following Neuromics instructions ...

S. Tumati, W.R. Roeskea, T.M. Largent-Milnesa, T.W. Vanderaha, and EV Varga. Intrathecal PKA-selective siRNA treatment blocks sustained morphine-mediated pain sensitization and antinociceptive tolerance in rats. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.04.036.

...transfection reagent (i-Fect; Neuromics, Edina, MN)... 

Emmanuel Deval, Jacques Noël, Xavier Gasull1, Anne Delaunay, Abdelkrim Alloui, Valérie Friend, Alain Eschalier, Michel Lazdunski, and Eric Lingueglia. Acid-Sensing Ion Channels in Postoperative Pain. The Journal of Neuroscience, 20 April 2011, 31(16): 6059-6066; doi: 10.1523/​JNEUROSCI.5266-10.2011.

...were performed 4 and 24 h after surgery. Intrathecal injection of siRNA. Ten microliters of a siRNA (2 mug)/i-Fect (Neuromics) mix was injected intrathecally between the L4 and L5 vertebrae of rats using a Hamilton syringe and a 25 gauge needle...

Shuang-Quan Yu, Donna H. Wang. Intrathecal injection of TRPV1 shRNA leads to increases in blood pressure in rats. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02285.x. Copyright © 2011 Scandinavian Physiological Society.

...(Neuromics, NI35150) was used as a transfection reagent. The shRNA/i-Fect complexes in 1:5 ratio (w/v) were used for intrathecal injection. ...

 Wu Fx, Bian Jj, Miao Xr, Huang Sd, Xu Xw, Gong Dj, Sun Ym, Lu Zj, Yu Wf. Intrathecal siRNA against Toll-like receptor 4 reduces nociception in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Int J Med Sci 2010; 7:251-259.

...Rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in each group: a sham group (Sham surgery + Normal saline, NS), a CCI group (CCI + NS), a MM group (CCI + MM siRNA), and a siRNA group (CCI + TLR4-siRNA). 10 μg SiRNA dissolved in 30 μl i-Fect transfection reagent (Neuromics, Edina, MN, USA) was administered intrathecally once daily for 7 days, starting from 1 day before CCI surgery...

Joseph George, Naren L. Banik and Swapan K. Ray. Survivin knockdown and concurrent 4-HPR treatment controlled human glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Neuro-Oncology, doi:10.1093/neuonc/noq079.

...survivin siRNA cDNA was suspended in RNAse free sterile water (25 μg DNA/10 μl) and mixed (1:4 v/v) with i-Fect transfection reagent (Neuromics)...

Philippe Sarret , Louis Doré-Savard1, Nicolas Beaudet. Direct Application of siRNA for In Vivo Pain Research. From: RNA Interference: From Biology to Clinical Applications. Series: Methods in Molecular Biology. Volume: 623; Pub. Date: May-01-2010; Page Range: 383-395; DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-588-0_25.

...iFect transfection reagent solution (Neuromics, Minneapolis, MN). .... The selected transfection agent is the cationic lipid i-Fect. ...

Pascal Fossat, Eric Dobremez, Rabia Bouali-Benazzouz, Alexandre Favereaux, Sandrine S. Bertrand, Kalle Kilk, Claire Léger, Jean-René Cazalets, Ülo Langel, Marc Landry, and Frédéric Nagy. Knockdown of L Calcium Channel Subtypes: Differential Effects in Neuropathic Pain. The Journal of Neuroscience, January 20, 2010, 30(3):1073-1085; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3145-09.2010

 ...the siRNAs (2 µg) were solubilized in 10 µl of i-Fect reagent (Neuromics) following Neuromics instructions and published protocol (Luo et al., 2005)...

Yan Chen, Cheng Yang, and Zaijie Jim Wang. Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Is Required for the Initiation and Maintenance of Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia. The Journal of Neuroscience, January 6, 2010, 30(1):38-46; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4346-09.2010.

...KN93 and KN92 were administered intrathecally by percutaneous puncture through the L5-L6 intervertebral space, as described previously (Hylden and Wilcox, 1980
; Chen et al., 2009). A lateral tail flick was considered as success of the intrathecal injection. To inhibit CaMKII, CaMKII was targeted by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Four days after morphine pellet implantation, mice were treated with CaMKII siRNA (5'-CACCACCAUUGAGGACGAAdTdT-3', 3'-dTdTGUGGUGGUAACUCCUGCUU-5') (Zayzafoon et al., 2005) or Stealth RNAi negative control (Invitrogen) (2 µg, i.t., twice per day for 3 consecutive days). These oligos were mixed with the transfection reagent i-Fect (Neuromics), in a ratio of 1:5 (w/v) (Luo et al., 2005). Mechanical and thermal sensitivity tests were performed daily...

Joseph George, Naren L. Banik, Swapan K. Ray. Combination of hTERT Knockdown and IFN-γ Treatment Inhibited Angiogenesis and Tumor Progression in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(23):7186–95

...with i-Fect transfection reagent (Neuromics) to obtain 5 μg DNA/10 μL of injection volume...

Michael L. LaCroix-Fralish, Gary Mo, Shad B. Smith, Susana G. Sotocinal, Jennifer Ritchie, Jean-Sebastien Austin, Kara Melmed, Ara Schorscher-Petcu, Audrey C. Laferriere, Tae Hoon Lee, Dmitry Romanovsky, Guochun Liao, Mark A. Behlke, David J. Clark, Gary Peltz, Philippe Séguéla, Maxim Dobretsov and Jeffrey S. Mogil. The β3 subunit of the Na+,K+-ATPase mediates variable nociceptive sensitivity in the formalin test. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2009.04.028. 

Christian Ndong, Amynah Pradhan, Carole Puma, Jean-Pierre Morello, Cyrla Hoffert, Thierry Groblewski , Dajan O’Donnell, Jennifer M.A. Laird. Role of rat sensory neuron-specific receptor (rSNSR1) in inflammatory pain: Contribution of TRPV1 to SNSR signaling in the pain pathway. PAIN 143 (2009) 130–137. 

...For experiments in which siRNA was delivered by bolus injections, 10 ul of siRNA or vehicle was injected directly into the intrathecal catheter once daily for 4 days. In this case, siRNAs were prepared immediately prior to administration by mixing the RNA solution (200 uM in annealing buffer) with the transfection reagent i-FectTM (Neuromics) at a ratio of 1:4 (w:v) for a final siRNA/ lipid complex concentration of 2 ug/10 ul...

Suneeta Tumati, Tally Largent Milnes, Henry I. Yamamura, Todd W. Vanderah, William R. Roeske and Eva V. Varga. Intrathecal Raf-1-selective siRNA attenuates sustained morphine-mediated thermal hyperalgesia. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.033  

...siRNAs stock solutions (100 μM) were prepared in double distilled RNAse free water and stored in aliquots at −80 °C. For intrathecal treatment, aliquots of the stock solution (2 μg of the appropriate siRNA) were mixed (1:5 v/v)with i-Fect transfection reagent (Neuromics, Edina, MN). After recovery from the surgery (5–7 days), the animals received intrathecal injections (2 ug siRNA/10 ul/rat) of either a lipid encapsulated Raf-1-selective siRNA mixture (Smart pool siRNA, Dharmacon Inc; Chicago, IL, Cat # L-087699-00) (Raf-1 siRNA groups) or i-Fect encapsulated non-targeting dsRNA (Dharmacon, #D-001810-01-20) (control mismatch siRNA groups) or the transfection lipid alone, once daily, for 3 days, as described earlier (Gardell et al., 2002). Intrathecal injections of the siRNAs or the transfection agent alone did not cause any sign of behavioral toxicity. Western blots, using a Raf-1-selective antibody, indicated that intrathecal treatment with the Raf-1-selective siRNA mixture for 3 days significantly reduced Raf-1 protein levels in the dorsal root ganglion and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord...

Louis Doré-Savard, Geneviève Roussy, Marc-André, Dansereau, Michael A Collingwood, Kim A Lennox, Scott D Rose, Nicolas Beaudet, Mark A Behlke and Philippe Sarret. Central Delivery of Dicer-substrate siRNA: A Direct Application for Pain Research. Molecular Therapy (2008); doi:10.1038/mt.2008.98 

...In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of 27-mer DsiRNA in reducing the expression of a specific G-protein coupled-receptor (GPCR) gene in rat spinal cord and DRG. Low doses of DsiRNA formulated in i-Fect, when administered by IT injection, induced a sustained reduction in the neurotensin receptor-2 (NTS2) GPCR mRNA and protein levels for 3–4 days. The reduction in NTS2 resulted in the expected behavioral changes in nociception. No apparent toxicity or nonspecific side effects were exhibited during the study period, and our results overall highlight the feasibility of using DsiRNA in pain research... 

X.-W. Dong, S. Goregoaker, H. Engler, X. Zhou, L. Mark, J. Crona, R. Terry, J. Hunter and T. Priestley. Small interfering RNA-mediated selective knockdown of NaV1.8 tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel reverses mechanical allodynia in neuropathic rats. Neuroscience Volume 146, Issue 2, 11 May 2007, Pages 812-821  

...For in vivo studies, siRNA stock solution (1 mg/ml) was prepared using siRNA suspension buffer (Qiagen). The solution was then heated to 90 °C for 1 min followed by 60 min incubation at 37 °C. Aliquots were stored at -20 °C. On the day of the injection, an aliquot of the siRNA was thawed on ice and then mixed with the transfection reagent, iFect (Neuromics Antibodies, Northfield, MN, USA), to yield a final concentration of 0.2 ug/ ul. A total of 100 ul of the siRNA solution or vehicle (20 ul of suspension buffer in 80 ul of iFect; 1:4 v/v) was locally delivered to lumbar DRGs through implanted epidural catheter by slow injection. The catheter was flushed with 15 ul sterile saline...

Luo MC, Zhang DQ, Ma SW, Huang YY, Shuster SJ, Porreca F, Lai J (2005). An efficient intrathecal delivery of small interfering RNA to the spinal cord and peripheral neurons. Molecular Pain 2005, 1:29.

Priti Kumar, Sang Kyung Lee, Premlata Shankar, N. Manjunath. A Single siRNA Cynthia C. Tsui, Stuart J. Shankland and Brian A. Pierchala. Glial Cell Line–Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Its Receptor Ret Is a Novel Ligand-Receptor Complex Critical for Survival Response during Podocyte Injury. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2005080835

...Ret small interference RNA (siRNA) knockdown was performed by using transient transfection of pooled functionally validated Ret siRNA (SMARTpool mouse RET siRNA; Dharmacon, Lafayette, CO). HSMP cells that were differentiated for 10 to 12 d were maintained at 10% FBS/RPMI as described above and transfected using the i-Fect siRNA transfection reagent (Neuromics, Edina, MN). For determination of the transfection efficiency, a Texas Red–labeled siRNA (siGLO RISCFree siRNA; Dharmacon) was co-transfected with Ret siRNA and visualized using fluorescence microscopy. For control siRNA samples, identical conditions were used with the substitution of siGLO-RISCFree siRNA for Ret siRNA. For determination of the efficiency of Ret knockdown, Western analysis for Ret was performed on WCL from cells 24 to 96 h after the transfection. Several concentrations of Ret siRNA (40, 60, and 100 nM) were tested to determine optimal knockdown conditions. For apoptosis assays, podocytes were exposed to UV-C or PA (40 g/ml) on days 3 to 4 after transfection of Ret siRNA or control siRNA (100 nM). Apoptosis was measured by counting podocytes with Hoechst-positive pyknotic nuclei 3 h after UV and 5 h after exposure to PA...

n-FectTMTransfection Kits

Amy N. Sussman, Tong Sun, Ronald M. Krofft, and Raghu V. Durvasula. SPARC Accelerates Disease Progression in Experimental Crescentic Glomerulonephritis. Am. J. Pathol., May 2009; 174: 1827 - 1836.

...empty plasmid inserted into the NHe1/BamH1 sites of pcDNA3.1/Zeo () vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) using N-Fect reagent (Neuromics, Edina, MN) according to manufacturers instructions. Transfected cells were selected in RPMI 1640 media supplemented with...

Hidetaka Sadanari, Junji Tanaka, Zhuan Li, Rie Yamada, Keiko Matsubara and Tsugiya Murayama.Proteasome inhibitor differentially regulates expression of the major immediate early genes of human cytomegalovirus in human central nervous system-derived cell lines. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2009.01.010 .

King-Ho Cheung, Diana Shineman, Marioly Müller, César Cárdenas, Lijuan Mei1, Jun Yang, Taisuke Tomita, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Virginia M.-Y. Lee, and J. Kevin Foskett. Mechanism of Ca2+ Disruption in Alzheimer's Disease by Presenilin Regulation of InsP3 Receptor Channel Gating. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.04.015

...pIRES2-EGFP empty vector by n-Fect reagent (Neuromics)...

Griffin SV, Hiromura K, Pippin J, Petermann AT, Blonski MJ, Krofft R, Takahashi S, Kulkarni AB, Shankland SJ (2004). Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Is a Regulator of Podocyte Differentiation, Proliferation, and Morphology. Am J Pathol. 165:1175-1185.

p-Fect™Transfection Kits

Shih-Kuo Chen, Gladys Y.-P. Ko, and Stuart E. Dryer. Somatostatin Peptides Produce Multiple Effects on Gating Properties of Native Cone Photoreceptor cGMP-Gated Channels That Depend on Circadian Phase and Previous Illumination. J. Neurosci., Nov 2007; 27: 12168 - 12175 ; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3541-07.2007.

...Transfection was performed using pn-Fect from Neuromics (Edina, MN). Briefly, retinal cells were grown for 4 d in LD cycles, until 24 h before analysis. At that time, coverslips with attached retinal cells were transferred to 400 µl of serum-reduced culture medium (Optimem; Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) in 24-well plates supplemented with 100 µl of solution containing pn-Fect with PLC{delta}-PH-GFP expression vector incorporated according to the manufacturer's instructions. In a series of pilot experiments, we determined that the maximum transfection efficiency occurred with a pn-Fect/DNA ratio of 1.4/1...